KOSEN 한인과학기술자네트워크

이 자료는 보안 문서로 등록이 되어 있습니다. 문서를 열람하시기 원하시는 분은 다음의 사용자 암호를 이력하신 후 사용하시기 바랍니다. 사용자 암호 : www.kosen21.org Over the past decade, the scale and speed of economic change in Russia has been dramatic. Critical progress in ceating a market economy has been achieved by freeing prices and wages, dismantling the system of state directives, privatisting small and large-scale enterprises, liberalising trade and unifying the exchange rate. Nevertheless, structural reforms remain incomplete and weaknesses in basic market institutions continue to hinder Russia's economic and social development. Laws, including those governing property rights and contracts are poorly enforced. The tax system is labyrinthine and burdensome. The country's inadequately regulated banking sector has not developed the capacity to intermediate. Additionally, many enterprises and other organisations continue to receive preferential subsidies and enjoy special privileges, while weak corporate governance permits insider control and results in feeble protection of shareholder and creditor rights. At the same time, entrepreneurs commonly face excessive red tape and expropriation threats from various sources, including government organs. The latter problem is related to the more general issue of disarray in the relations between federal, regional and local governments. Government bureaucracy remains excessive, even more so than during the Soviet era. Corruption at all levels of society is deep-rooted and wedespread.