KOSEN 한인과학기술자네트워크

The Perm region is one of the largest industrial centres of Russia. Its total area covers 160,6 thousand sq. km and is inhabited by 3 mln people. This is the easternmost part of Europe. The region borders on the three republics which are Komi, Bashkortostan, Udmurtiya and is a part of the Privolzhskiy Area. The heart of the region is the city of Perm with the population exceeding I mln people. Perm is located on the Kama river, one of the largest and most picturesque Russian rivers. The distance between perm and Moscow runs 1000 km which is equal to 1,5 hour by plane. The Perm region is the right plance in Russia for businessmen to seek unlimited opportunities making financial and intellectual potentials come true. The region is known as a place of location of the Upper Kama deposit rich in sodium, potassium and magnesium chlorides with a 30 billion tons of potassium oxide reserves. Apart from potassium chlorides, the Upper Kama is a place of rock salts concentration. Oil and gas occupy a significant part in the fuel-energy complex. There are more than 100 oil fields and up-to-date oil refineries in the region. The Perm region has got prominent timber reserves. Woods cover over 60% of the region, amongst which 70% are coniferous: spruce, silver fir and pine are considered to be highly valuable with respect to economics. The Perm region takes the first place in the Urals in water supply. The Kama river is the main waterway which through the system of canals provides the Perm river port with an access to five seas (White, Baltic, Azov, Black, Caspian Seas). Two main railway lines run across the region, one of them is Trans-Siberian railway opening a way to the central and western districts of the country European part, Siberia and the Far East. The regional transportation structure also involves two airports - local and republican. The Perm airport, having international status, connects the region with 60 cities of the European and Eastern parts of Russia. Besides Russian air- lines, the German company "Lufthansa" arranges flights to Perm. There is a network of solidly-surfaced highways. A powerful diversified complex has been developed in the Perm region represented mainly by machine-building manufacturing equipment for mining, oil, coal and timber industries, coal-mining, pulp and paper, and aviation engines producers, electrotechnical enterprises and cables and wires plants, shipbuilding, household electric-devices producers(domestic electric appliances, enamelled dishes, bicycles, telephone sets, etc.) The Perm region is known worldwide as a manufacturer of electric power cables, turbodrills, aircraft engines, aerospace engines and fuel controllers. A considerable input into industrial complex development is made by mining-chemical, metallurgical, oil and gas, and timber industries consuming the region's rqw material resources. Metallurgy is considered to be the industry to initiate the Perm region industries growth. The establishment of the copper works dates back to the years of Peter the Great reign. Currently, ferrous and non-ferrous metals processing takes place in the region, and powder metallurgy gained significance. The powerful defence complex which used to be established on the region's territory prevented the Perm region from participating in the international labour division. Irrespective to this fact, in the Perm region there existed 70 enterprises exporting goods to 40 countries. Nowadays export is executed to more than 60 countries. Perm is a great research centre with many scientific institutions, among them the Perm Scientific Centre, 15 higher educational establishments and about 40 research institutes. Today 450 Doctors and over 2500 Candidates (Masters) of Sciences work in Perm. A.M. Gorky University founded in 1916 is the oldest institution of higher education in the Urals. Research schools in the field of mechanics, physics, biology, chemistry, ecology, geosciences are headed by scientists well known in the world scientific community. The Perm Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences was established in 1988. Now it includes 4 institutes. The Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, founded in 1971 as the Polymer Physics Department, was the first academic establishment in Perm. The Institute of Technical Chemistry was founded in 1985, the Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms in 1988, and the Minig Institute in 1988. The Perm Scientific Center also includes the Perm branch establishment of the Institute Economy of UB RAS. Two academicians and 5corresponding members of RAS are at the head of these research schools. The research staff of the institutes counts 600 collaborators, of which 58 are Doctors of Sciences and 145 Candidates (Masters) of Sciences. Research at the Perm Scientific Centre covers a wide range of problems of mathematics and mechanics, chemistry and petrochemistry, ecology and microgiology, geology, geochemistry and mining sciences as well as economic problems of the region. The recent years the institutes of the Perm Scientific Centre have developed active scientific relations with the leading research establishments in Europe and America. The research staff has been involoved in a number of joint scientific projects. International scientific co-operation also implies training and exchange of specialists, and organization of international conferences, congresses, seminars. The International Seminar "Scientific-Technical Potential of the Western Urals for Conversion of Military Industrial Complex" was arranged under the aegis of the International Science and Technology Center, Perm Regional Administration, Perm Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Noncommercial Partnership "SOTRUDNICHESTVO" and State Research and Production Enterprise "CORD-EX". The objective of the Seminar is an introduction to the engineering and science potential of Western Urals, latest achievements of scientists of Prikamye area whose interests are in the field of conversion of military technologies applied for peaceful purposes. Additionally, the participants of the Seminar were acquainted with the activities of the International Science and Technology Center. 12 plenar, 65 sectional and 43 poster papers were submitted to the Seminar. 202 specialists from 14 cities of the Russian Federation took part in the work of the Seminar. The scientific program of the Seminar included four sections: Section 1 Problems of Safety of Vital Activity and Utilization of Industrial Wastes Section 2 Chemistry and Biotechnology in Medicine and Agriculture Section 3 New Materials and Technologies Section 4 Technologies of Conversion Enterprises