KOSEN 한인과학기술자네트워크

다음은 PubMed를 통해서 “effect , calcium propionate, human” 이라는 검색어로 찾은 결과입니다. 6편의 논문 초록을 접할 수 있습니다. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&DB=PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=&DB=PubMed

>식품의 방부제로 쓰이는 calcium propionate가 인체에 미치는 영향에 대한 자료를 찾습니다. 감사합니다. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACID ABSORPTION FROM THE HUMAN DISTAL COLON: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ACETATE, PROPIONATE AND CALCIUM Wolever T.M.S.; Trinidad T.P.; Thompson L.U. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 150 College Street,Toronto, Ont. M5S 1A8, Canada Journal of the American College of Nutrition Volume 14, Issue 4 1995 Pages 393-398 Abstract Objective: Our purpose was to conduct a preliminary study to see if propionate and calcium affected acetate absorption, and acetate and calcium affected propionate absorption from the human distal colon. Methodology: We studied six healthy subjects on eight occasions in randomized order after overnight fasts. Test solutions (300 ml) were infused into the rectum, retained for 30 minutes, and then the infusion fluid was collected for analysis. The infusion solutions contained combinations of sodium acetate (56.25 mmol/L), sodium propionate (18.75 mmol/L) and calcium chloride (50 mmol/L) plus polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an unabsorbable marker. Results: The reduction in the acetate:PEG concentration ratio over 30 minutes after acetate alone, 4.1 ± 4.2, was significantly less than after acetate plus propionate, 40.2 ± 11.9, and acetate plus calcium, 34.0 ± 8.9 (p < 0.05). However, the change in acetate:PEG ratio when acetate, propionate and calcium were all infused together, 13.2 ± 4.6, was no different from acetate alone. The reduction in the propionate:PEG concentration ratio after propionate alone was 15.7 ± 3.3, and this was not significantly affected by adding acetate and calcium either alone or together. Conclusions: We conclude that the absorption of acetate in the rectum and distal colon of humans may be influenced by the presence of calcium and propionate. More detailed kinetic studies are required to confirm these results and characterize the transport mechanism involved. ------------------------------------------------ Effects of qualitative and quantitative food restriction treatments on feeding motivational state and general activity level of growing broiler breeders C. J. Savory, and J. -M. Lariviere National Centre for Poultry Studies, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK Applied Animal Behaviour Science Volume 69, Issue 2 September 2000 Pages 135-147 Abstract Growing broiler breeder chickens are fed restricted rations to limit body weight at sexual maturity. This experiment tested a proposal (Brouns, F., Edwards, S.A., English, P.R., 1994. Effect of dietary fibre and feeding system on activity and oral behaviour of group housed gilts. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 39, 215¯223.) that feeding motivation is reduced by using qualitative rather than quantitative food restriction, and it examined relationships among suppression of growth rate, feeding motivational state and general activity level. From 2 to 15 weeks of age, female broiler breeders were reared in six groups of 20, each with a different feeding treatment. The six treatments were: high and low levels of diet dilution (600¯700 g/kg and 300¯350 g/kg oat feed, ad libitum), appetite suppression (50¯60 g/kg and 25¯30 g/kg calcium propionate, ad libitum) and quantitative restriction (recommended daily ration and twice that amount). Birds were conditioned to an operant (PR1 schedule) feeding procedure with their respective treatment diets from 3 to 7 weeks, and this was used to measure feeding motivation in 12-min tests at three times of day (1000, 1300 and 1600 h) at 8, 10, 12 and 14 weeks. Proportions of time spent sitting were measured as an index of general inactivity in systematic observations at 9, 11, 13 and 15 weeks. Although the diet dilution and appetite suppression (qualitative) treatments did not limit growth rates as intended, they and the quantitative treatments produced a range of mean body weights to compare with feeding motivation whenever birds were tested. With body weight as a covariate, there were significant effects on numbers of operant responses in 12 min (the measure of feeding motivation) of weight, age, time of day and treatment×time interaction, but not treatment. Feeding motivation was positively correlated with suppression of growth rate, regardless of how that suppression was achieved. However, the experimental procedure required all test birds to be without food from 0900 or 0915 h, and motivation was lowest in the earliest (1000 h) test with qualitative but not quantitative treatments. Hence, there was some evidence that feeding motivation may be partially suppressed with qualitative food restriction; distinction can be made between short-term and longer-term feeding motivation. General activity level (inversely reflected by time spent sitting) was closely correlated positively with both suppression of growth rate and feeding motivation. As a fundamental relationship between feeding motivation and reduction of growth rate was not altered by using qualitative rather than quantitative food restriction, these results support an earlier conclusion (Savory, C.J., Hocking, P.M., Mann, J.S., Maxwell, M.H., 1996. Is broiler breeder welfare improved by using qualitative rather than quantitative food restriction to limit growth rate? Anim. Welfare 5, 105¯127.) that broiler breeder welfare is not improved with qualitative restriction methods. ---------------------- ROLE OF DIETARY PROPIONIC ACID AND BILE ACID EXCRETION IN THE HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECTS OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES IN RATS Levrat M.-A.; Favier M.-L.; Moundras C.; Remesy C.; Demigne C.; Morand C. Lab. des Maladies Metaboliques, I.N.R.A., CRNHC-F/T,63122 St Genes Champanelle, France Journal of Nutrition Volume 124, Issue 4 1994 Pages 531-538 Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of dietary propionic acid and bile acid excretion on the hypocholesterolemic effect of fibers. For this purpose, rats were adapted to a diet containing 10 g inulin, 10 g - cyclodextrin, or 2.5 g calcium propionate per 100 g diet. Both the inulin and -cyclodextrin diets elicited high propionic acid fermentations in the cecum (-45% of total short-chain fatty acids) with relatively low molar proportions of acetic and butyric acids. In rats fed the three experimental diets, 5-7 mol/min of propionic acid was absorbed in the portal vein, and propionic acid was entirely metabolized by the liver. Plasma cholesterol was more effectively depressed by the p-cyclodextrin diet than by the inulin diet; the propionic acid-supplemented diet was ineffective in this respect. The inulin diet slightly increased fecal bile acid excretion, compared with the control diet, whereas -cyclodextrin markedly enhanced (1.8-fold) bile acid excretion. Microsomal hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity was slightly depressed in rats fed the propionic acid-supplemented diet, whereas it was enhanced by the -cyclodextrin diet in parallel to the activity of cholesterol 7-hydroxylase. The present data suggest that absorption and further hepatic metabolism of large amounts of propionic acid are not sufficient to counteract the induction of HMG-CoA reductase resulting from bile acid fecal losses. The rise of these losses plays a major role in the hypocholesterolemic effect of -cyclodextrin.