KOSEN 한인과학기술자네트워크

Alloxan으로 SD rat에 당뇨를 유발하는 실험 관련 초록 8개를 찾아봤습니다. 마지막에 넣었으니 참고하세요. 그중 2번째 초록을 보시면 SD rat에 i.p. injection으로 alloxan (120 mg/kg body wt)를 주사하고 3, 6, 9, or 12 days (n=7)에 실험을 했더군요. 4번째 초록에서는 Male SD rats을 두 그룹으로 나누어 1. diabetic group은 45 mg/kg Alloxan를 주사하고 2. control group은 saline을 주사하여 12주에 intestinal change를 관찰을 했습니다. 5번째 초록에서도 SD rats을 두 그룹으로 나누어 1. diabetic group은 150 mg/kg Alloxan를 주사하고 2. control group은 saline을 ip로 주사하여 1-2일안에 혈당을 측정한 결과 180 mg/dl이상이 되어 diabetic model을 만들어 실험했다고 나와있습니다. 8번째 초록을 보시면 Alloxan monohydrate를 Wistar rat에는 38 mg/kg, i.v.로, Sprague-Dawley rat에는 45 mg/kg, i.v.로 주사하여 6-8주에 Wistar rat의 경우 400 mg/dl의 혈당이 측정되어 이를 diabetic rat model로 실험을 했습니다. 이쪽 분야 실험은 잘 모르지만 위에 언급한 논문을 한번 참고해보세요. ---------------- 1: Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2004 Sep;33(5):437-42. [Effect of adenosine on electrophysiological changes of ventricular myocardium in rats with experimental diabetes.] [Article in Chinese] Chen ZQ, Hu SJ, Xia Q, Shen YL. Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of ventricular myocardium of rats with experimental diabetes and the effect of adenosine on its electrophysiology. METHODS: Diabetes was induced in male SD rats, using a single injection of alloxan into tail vein. Untreated animals were used as controls. The electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded 6 weeks after diabetes was induced. Effects of adenosine on ventricular myocardium in diabetic rats and controls were observed by measuring the transmembrane potentials with conventional glass microelectrodes. RESULTS: QT interval in ECG and action potential duration (APD) at all levels (APD30, APD50, APD70 and APD90) were significantly prolonged in right ventricular papillary muscle 6 week after diabetes was induced. No differences were observed in the resting membrane potential (RP), action potential amplitude (APA) and overshoot (OS) as well as the maximum rate of depolarization (Vmax) between the diabetic rats and control rats. At concentration of 10 approximately 400 micromol/L, ADO had little influence on all transmembrane potential parameters of right ventricular papillary muscle in diabetic rats and controls. At 500 micromol/L, ADO shortened APD30, APD50, APD70 and APD90 of control group, while having no effect on diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: QT interval in ECG and APD at all levels are significantly prolonged in right ventricular papillary muscle of experimentally induced-diabetic rats. PMID: 15476329 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 2: Arch Med Res. 2004 Mar-Apr;35(2):114-20. Regeneration of beta-cells and neogenesis from small ducts or acinar cells promote recovery of endocrine pancreatic function in alloxan-treated rats. De Haro-Hernandez R, Cabrera-Munoz L, Mendez JD. Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Enfermedades Metabolicas, Departamento de Patologia Anatomica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Meedico Nacional Siglo XXI (CMN-SXXI), IMSS, Mexico City, 06703 Mexico. BACKGROUND: We previously showed by using biochemical parameters that male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight) with no further treatment recovered endocrine pancreatic function after 12 days. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received an i.p. injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg body wt), were killed at 3, 6, 9, or 12 days (n=7), and their capacity to recover endocrine function was evaluated by means of a) biochemical parameters, which included glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol measurements and b) nuclear incorporation of 5'-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) by beta and acinar cells as well as presence of neogenesis from either ductal or acinar cells using double-staining BrdU-insulin immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: Three days after receiving a single i.p. administration of alloxan, rats showed increase in serum glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol concentrations, reaching levels of 542.463.1, 907.6154.9, and 106.02.7 mg/dL (meanstandard deviation [SD]), respectively. At this time, increase in beta-cell replication was also observed, although this reached maximum by day 6 (p <0.001). Replication was also present in acinar cells, but these cells showed their maximum at day 3 (p <0.001) and subsequently decreased, as did beta-cells, almost steadily to normal values by day 12. Neogenesis of beta-cells was observed mainly as transdifferentiation from acinar cells at day 3 and from ductal cells at day 6, after which it tended to be normal. CONCLUSIONS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving a single i.p. alloxan dose tended to normalize their endocrine function by day 12 after alloxan administration. This process included both regeneration and neogenesis of pancreatic beta-cells from either ductal or acinar cells. PMID: 15010190 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 3: Zhong Yao Cai. 2002 Sep;25(9):649-51. [The protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on alloxan-induced isolated islet cells damage in rats] [Article in Chinese] Xu M, Zhang H, Wang Y. School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on alloxan-induced isolated islet cells damage in rats. METHODS: Isolated islet cells from SD rat were cultured in vitro. SOD activity and MDA content in rat islet cells incubated with alloxan or alloxan combined LBP were measured. RESULTS: Alloxan induced a significant decrease in SOD activity and a increase in MDA production, which were inhibited by LBP. CONCLUSION: LBP had protective effects on alloxan-induced isolated rat islet ceus damage. PMID: 12451977 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 4: Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2002 May;41(5):310-2. [Changes of ultrastructure characteritics of Cajal interstitial cell in intestinal tract of diabetic rats] [Article in Chinese] Zhang Y, Zhang K, Luo J, Qi H. Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Communication University, Xi'an 710004, China. OBJECTIVE: This study is to clarify the changes of the ultrastructure characteristic of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic rats intestinal tract. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (diabetic), group B (control). 45 mg/kg Alloxan was injected into the group A, group B was injected with saline instead, after 12 weeks, the tissues of small intestine, colon were observed through electric telescope. RESULTS: The major change of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic rat were showed as below: the number of the gap junctions between Cajal interstitial cell and neuron cells, between Cajal interstitial cell and myocyte, and between themselves were decreased significantly, and the structure of those gap junctions rested were also damaged; mitochondrion was swelling, vacuoles, dissolving; cytoplasm was dissolving, vacuoles were formed; the organelle were decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The ultrastructure of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic had striking changes, these changes are closely related with the changes of their function, so it is very possible that these changes are one of the mechanisms of diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction. PMID: 12133423 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 5: Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 1999 Jan;13(1):51-4. [Acceleration of wound healing in diabetic rats by PDWHF and its relation with its activity to stimulate procollagen I (alpha 1) gene expression] [Article in Chinese] Zhang Y, Zhu X, Chen R. Department One, Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China 400042. OBJECTIVE: The effect of platelet-derived wound healing factor (PDWHF) on wound healing in diabetic rats was studied. METHODS: Forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. Thirty-two rats of experimental group accepted intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (1.5 mg/10 g body weight). Within one or two days after injection, while the blood sugar of the rats was higher than 180 mg/dl, the animal model of diabetic rat should have been established. Then a dorsal incision was given to every rat. After the addition of PDWHF (the experimental group) or bovine albumin (the control group), the incision was sutured up. Seven, ten and fourteen days after operation, the breaking strength of the wound was measured. On another hand, specimen from the wound was taken for the culture of fibroblasts. When the cultured fibroblasts have been incubated with 10% PDWHF for 4, 8 and 12 hours, the procollagen I (alpha 1) mRNA levels were examined respectively, and compared with those of control. RESULTS: Significant difference in wound breaking strength had been observed between PDWHF-treated incisions and the control on 7, 10 and 14 days after wounding (P < 0.01). Experiment in vitro demonstrated that the procollagen I (alpha 1) mRNA levels in wound fibroblasts incubated with 10% PDWHF for 4, 8 and 12 hours were 0.9, 3.7 and 2.2 folds higher than those in fibroblasts in control. CONCLUSION: It was suggested that direct stimulation of procollagen I (alpha 1) gene expression was one of the ways that PDWHF played its role in accelerating wound healing. PMID: 12080760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 6: Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2001 Jul;15(4):223-6. [Study on the molecular mechanisms involved in the increased collagen synthesis by platelet-derived wound healing factors during wound healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rat] [Article in Chinese] Zhu XD, Zhang Y, Hu CX. Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China 400042. dongdong@mindless.com OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the increased collagen synthesis by platelet-derived wound healing factors (PDWHF) during wound healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Thirty-three male SD rats were divided into two groups, the normal (n = 9) (group A) and the diabetic group (n = 24). Two pieces of full-thickness skin with diameter of 1.8 cm were removed from the dorsal site of diabetic rats. PDWHF (100 micrograms/wound) was topically applied to one side of the diabetic wounds (group B) on the operation day and then once a day in the next successive 6 days. Meanwhile, bovine serum albumin (100 micrograms/wound) was applied to the other side of diabetic wound as control group (group C) in the same way. Levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and procollagen I mRNA in wound tissue were inspected by dot blotting. RESULTS: TGF-beta 1 mRNA levels in group B were 4 folds and 5.6 folds compared with those in group C after 5 and 7 days (P < 0.01), however, still significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05). There was no significance difference among three groups on the 10th day after wounding. The levels for procollagen I mRNA in group B amounted to 2.1, 1.8 and 2.3 folds of those in group C after 5, 7, and 10 days (P < 0.01), respectively. Compared with those in the group A, procollagen I mRNA levels in the group B were significantly lower after 5 and 7 days (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was observed between group B and A after 10 days. CONCLUSION: One important way for PDWHF to enhance the collagen synthesis in diabetic wound healing is to increase the gene expression of endogenous TGF-beta 1. PMID: 11488031 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 7: Acta Physiol Scand. 1997 Sep;161(1):113-9. Alloxan diabetes abolishes the increased negativity of interstitial fluid pressure in rat trachea induced by vagal nerve stimulation. Woie K, Reed RK. Department of Physiology, University of Bergen, Norway. Increased negativity of interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) occurs concomitantly with oedema formation in acute airway inflammation. This observation is principally important because the loose connective tissues become 'active' and provide the driving force for the rapid oedema formation via Pif. The present study reports Pif in acute airway inflammation in alloxan diabetic rats. The basis for the study was, firstly, that inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of asthma. Secondly, that clinically there is almost a mutual exclusion between diabetes and asthma and, lastly, that the inflammatory response is attenuated in alloxan diabetic rats. Pif was measured on the ventral side of the trachea with sharpened glass capillaries (3-6 microns) connected to a servocontrolled counterpressure system. Measurements and nerve stimulation were performed after circulatory arrest, since oedema formation associated with inflammation will increase Pif, causing an underestimation of a potentially increased negativity of Pif. Control or diabetic rats (alloxan 45 mg kg-1 i.v. 5 days earlier) received either the mast cell degranulating substance compound 48/80 (100 micrograms), dextran 70 (60 mg) i.v. or vagal nerve stimulation. After dextran, Pif was -4.7 0.9 (SD) mmHg (n = 6) and -1.3 0.3 mmHg (n = 6) (P < 0.01) in normal and diabetic rats, respectively. Corresponding values after vagal nerve stimulation were -5.3 1.8 mmHg (n = 5) and -0.7 0.2 mmHg (P < 0.01). Insulin treatment restored the Pif response to dextran and vagal stimulation. Pif after Compound 48/80 did not differ between control and diabetic rats. Interstitial volume, total tissue water and transcapillary albumin extravasation increased significantly in controls after vagal nerve stimulation, but was attenuated in diabetic rats. PMID: 9381943 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 8: Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1979 Jan;75(1):9-21. [Effects of vitamin B complex in functional changes of the peripheral nerves of alloxan-induced diabetic rats (author's transl)] [Article in Japanese] Iwata N, Matsumura M, Sakai Y. Neurophysiological properties of the peripheral nerves of alloxan-induced diabetic rats and effects of vitamin B complex (V) were studied. Alloxan monohydrate was administered to Wistar (38 mg/kg, i.v.) and Sprague-Dawley (SD, 45 mg/kg, i.v.) rats. In Wistar diabetic rats (blood sugar level: more than 400 mg/dl for 6--8 weeks), nerve potentials with 2 peaks were recorded from the tibial and peroneal nerves. The late component had a higher threshold, longer time of recovery from excitation and slower conduction velocities. Large doses of V (B1: 100, B6: 100 and B12: 1 mg/kg, i.p.) administered daily until the experiment inhibited the appearance of the late component. In SD diabetic rats(the same blood sugar content for 6 approximately 8 months), the ventral root potentials had a longer duration, higher threshold and longer time of recovery from excitation. In V administered rats, particularly along with insulin, these changes were prevented. Most efferent fibers of non-treated rats had a refractory period of less than 3.0 msec. The number of fibers with this refractory period was greatly reduced in the diabetic rats. Although rats administered each component of V 100 and V 50 had efferent fibers with similar refractory periods to that of rats in A-S group, those administered V 100 had efferent fibers with significantly shorter refractory periods. Thus, efferent fibers seem to be more sensitive than the afferent ones at the early stages of the long term diabetic state and a large dose of V, particularly along with insulin, depressed these changes. PMID: 437585 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

STZ으로 당뇨유발을 해본 경험은 있으나 ALX으로 해보진 않아서... 하지만, 참고할 만한 논문 몇개 보내드립니다. ^^ 도움이 되시길... >Alloxan으로 SD rat에 당뇨를 유발하려는데 잘 되지 않습니다..논문에는 주로 wistar rat에 유발을 시켰는데 alloxan의 농도를 설정하기가 어렵네요.. 동물종이 틀려서 그런지 논문대로 했더니 고혈당이 심해서 죽거나 적절한 고혈당은 기간이 좀 흐른후엔 혈당이 정상적으로 돌아오네요.. >혹시 alloxan으로 SD rat에 당뇨 유발실험 하신 분 있으시면 도움 부탁드립니다.