KOSEN 한인과학기술자네트워크

Cancer Prevention Primary Sponsor: Department of Health and Human Services Deadline: 4/1/2001; 8/1/2001; 12/1/2001 KEYWORDS A. Prevention. Research studies to identify, evaluate, and implement techniques and approaches for the prevention and early detection of cancer. Those studies capable of achieving these objectives with minimal risk and cost are preferred. 1. Chemoprevention. Studies in which naturally occurring or synthetic agents are identified, or further evaluated for efficacy or safety. Studies involving in vitro assays with cell transformation systems, in vivo assays involving animals models to evaluate agents against typical carcinogenic agents at specific sites, and studies involving clinical chemistry measurement of agents in sera or other biological fluids are of highest program relevance. Studies aimed at improving future research designs for chemopreventive trials; providing additional biological understanding, identification and evaluation of modulation of quantitative or qualitative biological endpoints, and/or markers for surveillance of compliance will also be considered. Examples of tests might include measurements of biochemical parameters, cytological screening techniques, in vitro studies of suppression of oncogene protein products, in vitro toxicological studies, and synthesis of novel chemopreventive agents based on structure/activity relationships. 2. Diet and Nutrition. Studies that aim to reduce the incidence of cancer through dietary modification, which may include additions, deletions, or substitutions of foods or dietary factors. Studies aimed at dietary assessment and measures of compliance to the dietary modification are relevant to these dietary modification studies. Studies that can provide further understanding of the relationship between dietary components and cancer risk and the influence of dietary changes on biochemical indices, hormonal milieu and immune function will also be considered. B. Community Oncology. Introduction, application, and evaluation of effective and practical cancer control intervention programs in community settings. Primary emphasis is on the integration and involvement of community physicians and allied health professionals in cancer control efforts and the promotion of linkages between community practitioners/hospitals and other regional resources for cancer control. Objectives are to: (1) reduce the time between research advances in prevention, detection, and patient management and their application in community settings; and (2) expand extend the cancer care knowledge and applications bases; and (3) evaluate new detection and diagnostic methods for specificity, sensitivity, reliability, validity, safety, feasibility and cost when applied to defined or target populations. This may include screening research as well. C. Rehabilitation and Continuing Care. Development and evaluation of rehabilitation or continuing care strategies which directly enhance functioning of patients with cancer or which contribute to understanding of factors impacting utilization of supportive services by cancer patients. Clinical applications include development and testing of interventions to enhance multidisciplinary approaches to cancer rehabilitation, and research on effective symptom management (e.g., cancer-related pain, fatigue, nausea, mucositis). Areas of general program interest include innovative approaches to measuring and enhancing quality of life of cancer patients; research to investigate and enhance clinical decision-making by both patients and physicians; and studies of the impact of individual preferences for health care outcomes and their impact on cancer prevention practices in persons without cancer and on treatment decisions in patients with cancer. D. Early Detection and Screening. New diagnostic or screening methods for early detection of cancer, especially for asymptomatic patients. Detection methods can include any cancer site, although there is more interest in the common cancers, such as those of the lung and colon. Methods should be cost beneficial and applicable in a clinical setting. 1. Studies which identify and document new databases relevant to early cancer detection and propose using new and experimental analytical techniques. 2. Analyses of long term follow up data from completed studies for potential new interpretations based on the passage of time. 3. Studies which propose to develop and evaluate new detection techniques and measures for sensitivity specificity, reliability, validity and safety. 4. Determinations of the cost/benefit or risk/benefit ratios of cancer screening and detection methods when applied in defined or target populations. 5. Currently, the most commonly used method to detect prostatic cancer is the digital rectal examination. Devise and manufacture like-like modes for use in training for the early detection of prostate cancers by physical examination. Various models would be necessary. They would include, but not limited to the following disease states: (1) absence of disease (normal model); (2) benign prostatic hypertrophy; (3) prostatitis; (4) Stage B1 prostatic cancer (T2a); (5) Stage B2 prostatic cancer (T2b); and (6) Stage C prostatic cancer (T3z, T3b, and T4). 6. Development of products that aid the systematic collection and transport of specimens used for the early detection of cancer, including devices for the collection and transport of urine, serum, fecal material, and other potential materials. 7. Develop computer utility programs that can increase the clinical uses of existing programs commonly found in medical offices creating age-sex registries, predicting population risks, determining screening needs of patients, reminder systems, etc. 8. Develop personal computer programs that can be used to determine population risks and the effect of interventions. These programs might also be adopted to the concept of Community Oriented Primary Care. 9. Use of ultrasonography with color flow imaging for the early detection of cancer. Research on the use of ultrasonography with color flow imaging (US-CFI) for the early detection of cancer of the ovary, breast and/or prostate. Emphasis should be given to the ability of the US-CFI to differentiate between malignant and benign disease at these sites. Criteria for the discrimination of malignant from benign disease would be developed as well as performance characteristics of this method, particularly for breast and prostate. Studies on symptomatic populations should yield sensitivity, specificity and positive predicative values when breast and prostate are the target sites. Studies on asymptomatic populations should yield sensitivity, specificity and positive predicative values when ovarian cancer is the target site. 10. As more women seek mammographic breast screening, the importance of efficient, high speed, "intelligent" mammographic systems capable of acquiring and storing large volumes of images and enhancing image interpretation will become more important. Technological developments of interest are: a. Develop digital mammographic systems for high volume applications with electronic archiving and image analysis capabilities. b. Develop artificial intelligence based interactive image analysis software to enhance mammographic sensitivity and specificity. Other Research Topic(s) Within Mission of Institute Ms. Kay Etzler National Cancer Institute Office of Technology and Industrial Relations 31 Center Drive, MSC 2590 Bethesda, MD 20892-7395 (301) 496-1550; Fax: (301) 496-7807 Email: etzlerk@mail.nih.gov Website: http://www.cancer.gov/small business Division of Cancer Biology http://www.nci.nih.gov/dcb/dcbhom.htm Dr. Grace S. Ault National Cancer Institute Tumor Biology Branch, DCB 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 530 Bethesda, MD 20892 301-435-1878; Fax: (301) 480-0864 Email: ga5k@nih.gov Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences http://dccps.nci.nih.gov/mtgp Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics Mr. Jay Choudhry National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 240 Bethesda, MD 20892 (301) 435-6613; Fax: (301) 402-4279 Email: choudhrj@mail.nih.gov Multimedia Technology and Health Communication in Cancer Control Ms. Connie Dresser National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 232 Bethesda, MD 20892-7332 (301) 496-8520; Fax: (301) 480-6637 Email: cd34b@nih.gov Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis Technology Development Branch Dr. Jennifer Couch National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 6035A Bethesda, MD 20892 (301) 402-4185; Fax: (301) 402-7819 E-mail: jc332a@nih.gov Biochemistry and Pharmacology Dr. George S. Johnson National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 841 Bethesda, MD 20892-7456 (301) 496-8783; Fax: (301) 402-5200 E-mail: gj16m@nih.gov Cancer Therapy Evaluations Program Dr. Diane Bronzert National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 734 Bethesda, MD 20892-7432 (301) 496-8866; Fax: (301) 480-4663 Email: db85g@nih.gov Biomedical Imaging Program Dr. Manuel J. Torres-Anjel National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room EPN 6-046 Bethesda, MD 20892-7337 (301) 496-0735; Fax: (301) 480-3507 Email: mt71d@nih.gov Radiation Research Program Helen B. Stone, Ph.D. National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Blvd.,Room EPN 6010 Bethesda, MD 20892-7440 (301) 496-9360; Fax: (301) 480-5785 Email: stoneh@exchange.nih.gov Biological Response Modifiers Dr. Craig Reynolds Biological Resources Branch National Cancer Institute-FCRDC PO Box B Building 1052 Room 253 Frederick MD 21702-1201 (301) 846-5693; Fax: (301) 846-5429 Email: cr45u@nih.gov Division of Cancer Prevention Dr. Barry Portnoy National Cancer Institute 31 Center Drive, Room 10A49 Bethesda, MD 20892-2580 (301) 496-9569; Fax: (301) 496-9931 Email: bp22z@nih.gov For administrative and business management questions, contact: Ms. Kathleen J. Shino Grants Management Specialist National Cancer Institute 1103 West 7th Street, Suite 300 Frederick, MD 21701-4106 (301) 846-1016; Fax: (301) 846-1198 Email: ks48e@nih.gov For additional NCI-related SBIR Information, contact: http://www.cancer.gov/smallbusiness NOTE: The Solicitations listed on this site are partial copies from the various SBIR agency solicitations and are not necessarily the latest and most up-to-date. For this reason, you should always use the suggested links on our reference pages. These will take you directly to the appropriate agency information where you can read the official version of the solicitation you are interested in. The official link for this page is: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm. Solicitation closing dates are: April 1, August 1, and December 1, 2001.