전체 8345
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- Control of Treg Induction and Function by Microbes
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- - Yasmine Belkaid, NIH (2010/11/18)
- - Category : NIH Directors Seminars
- NIH Directors Seminar Series
The Mucosal Immunology Units long-term interest is in understanding the immunologic mechanisms induced by parasites to promote survival within their hosts, with the goal of developing new intervention strategies. Their work has led them to believe that, in most parasitic diseases, the existence of regulatory elements is a better predictor of the outcome of infection than is the intensity of the effector response.
They have previously shown that specialized subsets of T cells, termed regulatory T cells (Treg), are involved in the control of infectious diseases. Treg have been shown to limit the magnitude of effector responses, resulting in failure to adequately contain infection. Moreover, Treg also help to limit collateral tissue damage caused by vigorous antimicrobial immune responses.The unit aims to elucidate mechanisms of immune regulation mediated by Treg during infection with unicellular parasites that invade the gut or the skin.
Their current work proposes that targeting host regulatory mechanisms will both uncover and unleash potent effector functions against parasites. To address these issues, they are focusing their research on one dermal parasite (Leishmania major) and three gastrointestinal pathogens, Cryptosporidium and Microsporidium and Toxoplasma spp. Using these pathogens they are exploring the role, origin mechanism of action, and antigen presenting cell requirement of Treg that accumulate at sites of infection.
Control of Treg Induction and Function by Microbes
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- OBSSR Award Lecture - June 2010
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- - Laura Carstensen (2010/11/18)
- - Category : BSSR Lecture Series
- We are approaching a watershed moment in human history, when the number of people over 65 in the USA will surpass the number of children under 15. By the time our children reach old age, living to 100 will be commonplace. Life expectancy increased so quickly that culture has not had time to catch up. But rest assured, these demographic changes will change virtually all aspects of life - education, families, financial markets and politics. To the extent that people arrive at old age mentally sharp, physically fit, and financially secure, long-lived societies will thrive. But as Matilda White Riley so eloquently argued there is a structural lag between extended years and cultural supports for those added years. I argue that among the most pressing needs of the modern world is the development of ？？？longevity science,？？？ namely, advances and discoveries that can form the basis of a culture that uses added years to improve quality of life at all ages.
To that aim, we must increase our knowledge of human development from early to very late life. In particular, we must better understand the aging mind, its strengths and weaknesses so that we can build cultural supports to improve decisions, preferences and planning. Socioemotional selectivity theory ？？？ a life-span theory of motivation- maintains that shifts in time horizons have profound and systematic implications for the types of goals people pursue, the decisions they make, and even what they see, hear and remember. In this talk, I will discuss findings from my research program to illustrate one small slice of a longevity science that can ultimately help people anticipate and plan for longer futures.
OBSSR Award Lecture - June 2010
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- Microcircuits of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex and a Theory of Spatial Memory Formation
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- - Michael Brecht, PhD (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Neuroscience
- Rodent medial entorhinal cortex represents both spatial information (in grid cells) and head-direction information but the microcircuits integrating the two types of signals are unknown. To explore the relationship between activity and neuronal connectivity in the MEC, Dr. Brechts lab developed a new method for recording and labeling single neurons by juxtacellular stimulation in freely-moving rats. Their method is based on novel a head-mountable, friction-based devise for mechanical stabilization of the glass pipette during the recording. They find that large fraction of grid-cells were spiny stellate neurons organized in about 500-700 small patches in layer 2. Grid cells and other superficial layer neurons were mainly active during exploration. Deep layers neurons in contrast rarely showed exploration activity and became active at rest. Most head-direction-cells were aspiny neurons residing in a system of about 25 pairs of large patches at the dorso-medial borders of medial entorhinal cortex. Head-direction-patches are large clusters of layer 2 neurons inserted in the cortical sheet with little or no other cortical layers associated. They identify three long-range axon systems in the MEC: A system of centrifugal axons, through which most if not all grid-cells axons target single head-direction-patches. A system of centripetal axons, through which most if not all head-direction-cells target single grid patches. A system of circumcurrent axons through which head-direction-cells connected many other head-direction patches. They suggest a microcircuit model how these axons might function in the alignment and formation of entorhinal maps. Accordingly, circumcurrent axons impose a global ？？？one head-direction？？？ constraint. Centripetal axons rotate grid orientations upon head movements and centrifugal axons send a ？？？stop rotate-signal？？？. Assuming that grid cell firing increases with the fit of landmark inputs to grid vertices such a circuit could align head-direction and map information. In a novel environment the entorhinal map could be fractured and aligned to landmarks by the relative rotation of the orientation of grid-patches.
NIH Neuroscience Seminar Series
Microcircuits of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex and a Theory of Spatial Memory Formation
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- The Governments Online Future in the Age of Persuasive Design: Three Things You Need To Know (NIH-Only)
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- - John Whalen, Ph.D. (2010/11/18)
- - Category : NIH Only
- This is a very exciting time to be involved in the public web presence for a large governmental entity.
We see things rapidly changing because of:- The release of a flood of public data to Data.gov and the cloud.
- The ability to transform data into brilliant visualizations that drive decisions using relatively new open source tools.
- New persuasive design techniques you can use to positively influence Americans
- You are left with a jumble of web sites, tools and pages that leaves your organization？？？s online goals unmet.
- You fail to meet the ever increasing public demand to provide great usability/accessibility and your agency loses creditability online.
- You miss the opportunity to help millions of citizens by not influencing their decisions and lifestyles for the better.
- Techniques to manage the flood of data your organization is providing online
- How critical it is to listen to and engage your audiences in order to meeting the demands of the public.
- Key persuasive design techniques and how you can put them to use today
John Whalen has a PhD in Cognitive Science with 10 years of User-Centered Design experience. John？？？s specialty is improving user experience using a mix of one part in-depth user study, one part business needs, and one part use of expert knowledge of human vision, visual attention, memory and language. John has experience working with Fortune 500 clients in the financial, healthcare, eCommerce and government verticals. Johns latest research interests are how social networking is influencing online activities, the extent to which persuasive design will impact user behavior, and measuring the user experience using eye tracking and neuro-marketing techniques.
The Governments Online Future in the Age of Persuasive Design: Three Things You Need To Know (NIH-Only)
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- The National Cancer Advisory Board Meeting - June 2010 (Day 1)
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- - NCI (2010/11/18)
- - Category : National Cancer Advisory Board
- The 154th meeting of the National Cancer Advisory Board
The National Cancer Advisory Board Meeting - June 2010 (Day 1)
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- Posture in the Workplace
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- - Lauren Polivka, PT, DPT, CSCS, Director of Physical Therapy (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Focus on You Wellness
- Focus on You Wellness Lecture Series
Think about the number of hours youll spend at your desk over the course of a lifetime. It often outnumbers the hours you spend standing, moving or sleeping. Come learn from a certified physical therapist about ways to prevent injury and ensure youre at your best when youre at your desk.
Acrobat Slides
http://dats.ors.od.nih.gov/
Posture in the Workplace
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- 2010 Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - Day 1
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- - Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Conferences
- The ICF is a classification of health reflecting functional impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. The ICF is published by the World Health Organization, and it works in tandem with WHO？？？s diagnostic classifications, the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10.
The Institute of Medicine recommended broader implementation of ICF in American disability statistics systems in its report The Future of Disability in America (2007).
This ICF Conference brings to the NIH Campus the nation？？？s leading scientists and practitioners who are applying ICF classification in physical medicine and rehabilitation, gerontology, pediatrics, and allied health disciplines such as Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech-Language Pathology.
2010 Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - Day 1
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- The National Cancer Advisory Board Meeting - June 2010 (Day 2)
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- - Various Speakers (2010/11/18)
- - Category : National Cancer Advisory Board
- The 154th meeting of the National Cancer Advisory Board
The National Cancer Advisory Board Meeting - June 2010 (Day 2)
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- Workshop on Personal Motion Technologies for Healthy Independent Living (Day 1)
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- - NIA, NIBIB,NCMRR (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Conferences
- For more information, visit
http://www.nibib.nih.gov/NewsEvents/SympReports/2010June22
This workshop will provide discussion about clinical needs and how sensor technologies can be used to monitor personal motion in older and/or disabled persons everyday lives and monitor how well or not so well they live independently. Although there are lots of protocols and questionnaires that measure domains such as health, behavior and function, those only capture information at certain points in time and often rely on subjective recall from individuals. Sensor technologies could monitor these domains in real time, sequentially, and feed information to healthcare providers and researchers who can monitor how well people are functioning. These technologies could also be used to monitor motions that are precursors to diseases and disabilities that really cant be captured by current measures. Potentially, the use of sensors to monitor personal motion could be very cost effective because a lot of person-time (e.g., getting individuals to doctors offices or medical centers, or having health researchers/professionals going to someones home) could be saved. These technologies, through constant and thorough monitoring, could potentially help people live independently in their homes longer, delaying the need to go to an institution, and also assist in determining when it is time for entrance to an institution. Communication about the things that need to be monitored is essential for the modification of existing technologies or development of new ones to accomplish the goal of healthy independent living.
Workshop on Personal Motion Technologies for Healthy Independent Living (Day 1)
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- It Takes Tau to Tangle : Plaques, Tangles and Neurodegenerative Disease
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- - Duff, Karen.
National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18) - - Category : Wednesday Afternoon Lectures
- - Duff, Karen.
- The NIH Directors Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series includes weekly scientific talks by some of the top researchers in the biomedical sciences worldwide.
It Takes Tau to Tangle : Plaques, Tangles and Neurodegenerative Disease
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- Regulating cytokine signaling by common g-chain (gc) expression
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- - Park, Hyun.
National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Immunology Interest Group. (2010/11/18) - - Category : Immunology
- - Park, Hyun.
- Upon completion of a remarkably productive postdoctoral fellowship in the NCI during which he discovered coreceptor tuning and the importance of IL-7 receptor modulation in T cell homeostasis, Hyun Park assumed his current position as a tenure track investigator in the Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI. Hyun received his PhD from the University of Wurzburg, Germany, in the lab of Thomas Huenig where he studied regulation of IL-2 receptor expression during CD8 T cell development and did his postdoctoral training in Al Singer？？？s lab in the NCI. In the two years since starting his own laboratory, Hyun has focused on the mechanisms regulating cytokine receptor expression. In this seminar, Hyun will present unpublished work that identifies novel mechanisms of common gamma-chain (gc) cytokine receptor expression/signaling that control cytokine responsiveness in T cells.
The Immunology Interest Group
Regulating cytokine signaling by common g-chain (gc) expression
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- Workshop on Personal Motion Technologies for Healthy Independent Living (Day 2)
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- - NIA/NIBIB/NCMRR (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Conferences
- For more information, visit
http://www.nibib.nih.gov/NewsEvents/SympReports/2010June22
This workshop will provide discussion about clinical needs and how sensor technologies can be used to monitor personal motion in older and/or disabled persons everyday lives and monitor how well or not so well they live independently. Although there are lots of protocols and questionnaires that measure domains such as health, behavior and function, those only capture information at certain points in time and often rely on subjective recall from individuals. Sensor technologies could monitor these domains in real time, sequentially, and feed information to healthcare providers and researchers who can monitor how well people are functioning. These technologies could also be used to monitor motions that are precursors to diseases and disabilities that really cant be captured by current measures. Potentially, the use of sensors to monitor personal motion could be very cost effective because a lot of person-time (e.g., getting individuals to doctors offices or medical centers, or having health researchers/professionals going to someones home) could be saved. These technologies, through constant and thorough monitoring, could potentially help people live independently in their homes longer, delaying the need to go to an institution, and also assist in determining when it is time for entrance to an institution. Communication about the things that need to be monitored is essential for the modification of existing technologies or development of new ones to accomplish the goal of healthy independent living.
Workshop on Personal Motion Technologies for Healthy Independent Living (Day 2)
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- 2010 Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - Day 2
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- - Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Conferences
- The ICF is a classification of health reflecting functional impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. The ICF is published by the World Health Organization, and it works in tandem with WHO？？？s diagnostic classifications, the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10. The Institute of Medicine recommended broader implementation of ICF in American disability statistics systems in its report The Future of Disability in America (2007). This ICF Conference brings to the NIH Campus the nation？？？s leading scientists and practitioners who are applying ICF classification in physical medicine and rehabilitation, gerontology, pediatrics, and allied health disciplines such as Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech-Language Pathology.
2010 Conference on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - Day 2
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- FDA Tutorial Workshop on Cardiovascular Investigational Device Exemptions for NIH investigators
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- - Dr Robert Lederman (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Conferences
- The IDE process (content and organization) emphasis on preclinical engineering and animal test requirements for feasibility studies. Include answer to appropriate vs. inappropriate example of the HDE pathway vs. the IDE pathway. Explain in general terms how IDEs are used to support new uses/indications for existing devices or modifications to existing devices.
FDA Tutorial Workshop on Cardiovascular Investigational Device Exemptions for NIH investigators
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- ASA All Hands Meeting - June 2010
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- - Ned Holland (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Special
- Assistant Secretary for Administration Ned Hollands All Hands Meeting
ASA All Hands Meeting - June 2010
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- Translational Research and Vision Symposium - Day 1
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- - Translational Research and Vision Symposium
National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18) - - Category : Conferences
- - Translational Research and Vision Symposium
- The symposium Translational Research and Vision？？？ is open to the scientific and medical community and will feature a taped keynote address by NIH Director Dr. Francis Collins. The symposium will highlight the impacts of the human genome sequence on diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and cover a wide range of genetic, chemical, and molecular biological approaches to treat neurodegenerative eye diseases. Please mark your calendars. We at NEI look forward to your support and active participation. Masur Auditorium, NIH Clinical Center, Building 10 Thursday, June 24 ？？？ 3 p.m. till 5:30 p.m. Friday, June 25 ？？？ 8:30 a.m. till 4:30 p.m.
Translational Research and Vision Symposium - Day 1
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- Translational Research and Vision Symposium - Day 2
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- - Translational Research and Vision Symposium
National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18) - - Category : Conferences
- - Translational Research and Vision Symposium
- The symposium Translational Research and Vision？？？ is open to the scientific and medical community and will feature a taped keynote address by NIH Director Dr. Francis Collins. The symposium will highlight the impacts of the human genome sequence on diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and cover a wide range of genetic, chemical, and molecular biological approaches to treat neurodegenerative eye diseases. Please mark your calendars. We at NEI look forward to your support and active participation. Masur Auditorium, NIH Clinical Center
Translational Research and Vision Symposium - Day 2
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- Breast Cancer Chemoprevention and Anti-inflammatories
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- - Michelle Holmes, M.D., Dr.P.H. and Louise R. Howe, Ph.D. (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Womens Health
- Womens Health Special Interest Group Lecture Series
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention and Anti-inflammatories
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- NCI Board of Scientific Advisors - June 2010
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- - Dr. Paulette S. Gray (2010/11/18)
- - Category : NCI Board of Scientific Advisors
- The 46th meeting of the Board of Scientific Advisors. Provides scientific advice on a wide variety of matters concerning scientific program policy, progress, and future direction of the NCIs extramural research programs, and concept review of extramural program initiatives.
For more information, visit
http://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/advisory/boards.htm
NCI Board of Scientific Advisors - June 2010
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- Creating and Presenting a Dynamic Poster
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- - Elizabeth Wagener, PhD, Deputy Director, Graduate Partnership Program (2010/11/18)
- - Category : Career Development/OITE
- This presentation will focus on selecting and organizing your data, what to include and what not to include, the key components of a successful poster, lay-out and font selection, and poster presentation.
Creating and Presenting a Dynamic Poster