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National Missile Defense: Russia's Reaction 스크랩

  • Amy F. Woolf
  • |
  • 기계

In the late 1990s, the United States began to focus on the possible deployment of defenses against long-range ballistic missiles. The planned National Missile Defense(NMD) system would have exceeded the terms of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. Recognizing this, the Clinton Administration sought to convince Russia to modify the terms of the Treaty. But Russia was unwilling to accept any changes to the Treaty. It also decried the U.S. plan to deploy NMD, insisting that it would upset strategic stability and start a new arms race.

2001-06-11

The Advanced Technology Program 스크랩

  • Wendy H. Schacht
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  • 과학기술과 인문사회

The Advanced Technology Program(ATP) was created by P.L. 100-418, the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, to encourage public-private cooperation in the development of pre-competitive technologies with broad application across industries. Administered by the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, this activity has been targeted for elimination as a means to cut federal spending. However, strong support by the Clinton Administration led to continued ATP funding in FY1997 and FY1998, although at redued levels. Appropriations for FY1999 were 3% above the previous year; in FY2000 funding decreased 28% to $142.6 million. In FY2001, the President requested a 23% increase in support for ATP while the original appropriations bill passed by the House included no financing for the program. However, P.L. 106-553 appropriated $145.7 million for ATP, 2% morethan the previous year. The FY2002 budget submitted by President Bush suspends granting new awards pending an evaluation of the program and provides $13 million only to support on-going project commitments.

2001-06-11

The National Institute of Standards and Technology : An Overview 스크랩

  • Wendy H. Schacht
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  • 과학기술과 인문사회

The National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, was a major player in the Clinton Administration's strategy for civilian technology investment. However, the 104th Congress cut funding levels 18% between FY 1995 and FY 1997. In FY 1998, this trend was temporarily reversed when the NIST budget increased 20% primarily due to additional financing for construction. FY 1999 appropriations were 5% below the previous year, while FY 2000 support remined constant. In FY2001, the NIST appropriation decreased 6% to $598.3 million as a result of fewer construciton dollars. For FY2002, President Bush has requested $487.5 million to fund NIST, almost 19% below the current fiscal year. While new funding for the Advanced Technology Program would be curtailed, the budget proposal includes an 11% percent increase in support for the laboratory's internal research and development activities.

2001-06-11

Taking a small look at life(the research councils working in partnership) 스크랩

  • 강지훈 강지훈
  • |
  • 한국과학기술정보연구원
  • |
  • 과학기술과 인문사회

이 자료는 보안문서로 등록이 되어 있습니다. 문서를 열람하시기 원하시는 분은 다음의 사용자 암호를 입력하신 후 사용하시기 바랍니다. 사용자 암호 : www.kosen21.org ㅇ Forces of attraction between proteins ㅇ Microarray technology and its application to funtional genomics ㅇ Dynamics of disease : from individuals to populations ㅇ Bioinformatic and experimental tools for functional genomics ㅇ Biofactory-on-a-chip technology ㅇ Inexpensive antivenoms for the Third World ㅇ Forced evolution of new antibiotics ㅇ Viruses as self-assembling nanofactories ㅇ Iridescence in butterflies : nanostructures on the wing * A review of nanocomposites 2000

2001-06-11

The future of sites of special scientific interest(SSSIs) 스크랩

  • 강지훈 강지훈
  • |
  • 한국과학기술정보연구원
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  • 과학기술과 인문사회

Contents 1. What is an SSSI? 2. Selection of SSSIs       2.1 Biological sites       2.2 Earth science sites 3. SSSIs : monitoring and status       3.1 Monitoring       3.1.1 Biological sites       3.1.2 Earth scinece sites       3.2 Site condition and damage 4. Access 5. Problems faced by aquatic environments       5.1 Freshwater       5.2 Marine 6. Future challenges       6.1 Ecoystem approach       6.2 Climate change

2001-06-11

Alternative Technologies to replace antipersonnel landmines 스크랩

  • 강지훈 강지훈
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  • 한국과학기술정보연구원
  • |
  • 과학기술과 인문사회

1. Introduction - Definitions - History of Mines - Residual Hazards of Mines - International Instruments - The U.S. Position - Committee Process - Report Road map 2. National Security Environments and the context - National Security Strategies - Benefits and Vulnerabilities of New Technologies 3. Current Uses of Antipersonnel Landmines - Doctrinal Guidance for Using Landmines - Role of Landmines in Warfare - Capabilities of Antipersonnel Landmines - Technologies in Antipersonnel Landmines 4. Evaluation Methodology - Methodology - Baseline Systems - Criteria 5. Alternatives available today - Overview - Nonmateriel alternatives - Materiel alternatives - Committee Assessments 6. Alternatives available by 2006 - Overview - Nonmateriel Alternatives - Materiel Alternatives - Committee Assessments 7. Alternatives potentially available after 2006 - Overview - Materiel Alternatives - Committee Assessments 8. Conclusions and Recommendations - Alternatives available by 2006 - Alternatives potentially available after 2006 - Self-Destructing, Self-Deactivating Fuzes

2001-06-11

National Missile Defense : Issues for Congress 스크랩

  • Steven A. Hildreth
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  • 기계

Many in Congress and outside the government have shown strong interest in deploying a ballistic missile defense to protect the United States from attack. The ABM Treaty prohibits nationwide defense but permits the United States to deploy up to 100 interceptors for long-range ballistic missiles at a single site. Many supporters of National Missile Defense(NMD) argue that the United States must amend or abrogate this treaty so that it can pursue a more robust defense.

2001-06-11

Research and Development Funding:Fiscal Year 2002 스크랩

  • John Dimitri Moteff
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  • 과학기술과 인문사회

President Bush is requesting $95.253 billion for federal R&D in FY2002, a 5.8% increase over the estimated $90.010 billion appropriated for FY2001. Defense R&D(DOD's plus DOE's weapons R&D activities) would increase 8.1% to $48.579 billion. This increase reflects the Administration's first installment of increasing DOD's annual RDT&E budget by $20 billion over the next five years. Federal civilian R&D, for FY2002, would increase to $46.674 billion, 3.6% above FY2001 estimated $45.064 billion level.

2001-06-11