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DNA Identification : Applications and Issues 스크랩

  • Eric A. Fischer
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This report provides an overview of how the genetic information contained in DNA is used for identification, and a discussion of issues associated with those uses. It begins by discussing the unique properties of genetic information that make it a powerful tool for identification and what is involved in making identifications from DNA. Next is a description of current federal programs and activities, followed by discussion of issues raised by the development of this new technolgy. major issues include the use of DNA identification in the criminal justice system (including sample bakclogs, databases, and postconviction DNA analysis), impacts of technological improvements, and privacy. Legislative activity in the 106th Congress focused on several criminal-justice issues; for detailed discussion, see CRS Report RL30694, DNA Evidence: Legislative Initiatives in the 106th Congress. For discussion of genetic privacy and discrimination, see CRS Issue Brief IB98002, Medical Records COnfidentiality, and CRS Report RL 30006, Genetic Information : Legal Issues Relating to Discrimination and Privacy.

2001-02-16

Climate Change Technology Initiative(CCTI):Research, Technology, and Related Programs 스크랩

  • Michael M. Simpson
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Federal programs to increase energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy resources have a history that goes back well over two decades. While many of these efforts were aimed at reducing U.S. dependence on oil imports, they also are relevant to environmental concerns, including climate change. The Clinton Administration's Climate Change Technology Initiative (CCTI) combined R&D(to develop renewable energy sources and more energy efficient technologies) with targeted tax credits (to encourge purchase and deployment of more efficient technologies), and voluntary information programs (to help businesses and schools be better informed when making purchasing and operating decisions that involve energy use and emissions). This report, which describes the R&D, information programs, and funding aspects of the CCTI, will be updated as events warrant.

2001-02-16

The role of the Renewables Directive in meeting Kyoto targets 스크랩

There is a stong case for acting to mitigate the threat of climate change associated with the unrestrained increases in emissions of greenhouse gases(GHG), particularly CO2. The Kyoto Protocol(if ratified at the Sixth Conference of the Parties in The Hague in November 2000) commits EU Member States to reducing overall annual GHG emissions by 342MtC(CO2 equivalent) averaged over the period 2008 to 2012. This target includes emissions from electricity generation, transport, heating and industrial processes. The energy industries are reponsible for 28% of net greenhouse gas emissions and the EC Renewables Directive specifically addresses electricity generation. This report recommend that indicative targets be based on absolute tonees of CO2 emissions rathre than a percentage of electricity generation from renewable sources.It recommend that the EC formulates its plans for harmonisataion now, so that Member States can work towards them. It suggest that harmonisation should be based on a framework of a carbon tax on all primary fuels across all energy sectors. It recommend that large hydroelectric installations should have equal status with other renewables under the terms of the Directive. It also suggest that policies regarding energy from waste and the nuclear power industry be reviewed so that they can play a full and continued role in reducing emissions of GHGs.

2001-02-15

EURATOM/UKAEA Association Fusion Research 1999/2000 Progress Report 스크랩

This annual progress report describes the work carried out by the EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association for the period April 1999 to March 2000 in support of the European research programme into the production of fusion power for future generations. The main focus of the EURATOM/UKAEA Association's fusion programme is on the tokamak, which achieves fusion-relevant conditions by confining the fuel in the plasma state using a toroidal configuration of magnetic fields. This perface provides a flavour of the broad range of issues that the EURATOm/UKAEA Fusion Association addresses, and more details can be found in the progress report. A summary of the thechnical progress is provided in CHapter1, the Executive Summary, with more details provided in subsequent chapters on the elclosed CD-ROM.

2001-02-15

BBSRC(Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council) business 스크랩

The BBSRC is Britain's lead funding agency for academic research in the non-medical life sciences. It was extablished by Royal Charter in 1994 and is funded principally through the Science Budget of the Office of Science and Technology. * Contents * - Cell lines, not animals, for some geomics projects? - Genes, diet and the immune system - TCS programmes : micropins for laboratory-on-a-chip technology ; “Chromosome Paints“ for detecting genetic disorders - Science and animal welfare - Molecules on the move : how plants cope with foreign chemicals - Genomics “ snapshots“ of immune cell behaviour - Revised funding arrangements - Getting proteins where you want them - BBSRC science on show at the Royal Society - Alternatives to chemotherapeutics in animal production systems - BBSRC centers for Structural BIology - Ecosystems of the air - BBSRC at the Royal Show 2000 Biological Interactions in the Root Environment

2001-02-15

World News : Quality Certifications Soar in China 스크랩

  • 강지훈 강지훈
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  • 한국과학기술정보연구원
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  • 과학기술과 인문사회

Contents - New Korean S-Mark Services Now Available - New EU Testing Program Designed for Recreational Mini-Scooters - First Auto Trend Conference Held - OHSAS 18001 Introduced : BMW Japan First to Achieve Certification - ISO/FDIS 9001 : 2000, Clauses 6 - 7 - clause 8.0 : Measurement, Analysis & Improvement will be reviewed in our next issue. - Understanding R&TTE : Telecommunications, Part 1 - Beijing Issues 500th ISO 9000 Certificate

2001-02-15