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  • Research Portfolio Analysis
    • - DeLisi, Charles.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : OPASI Rounds
    OPASI ROUNDS Lecture Series

    Dr. DeLisi will be discussing the information revolution and how it has transformed biomedical science, and it is beginning to transform the way organizations manage their investment portfolios. The NIH research portfolio is extraordinarily complex; developing and implementing information based decision making methods has the potential to broaden and deepen the NIH investments in both basic and clinical research, and to enable more proactive investment strategies. Ill discuss some of the goals and methods of portfolio analysis, and the expected direction and shape of activities in OPASI in the near, intermediate and longer term future.

    The Office of Portfolio Analysis and Strategic Initiatives (OPASI) provides the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and its constituent Institutes and Centers (ICs) with the methods and information necessary to manage their large and complex scientific portfolios, identifies – in concert with multiple other inputs – important areas of emerging scientific opportunities or rising public health challenges, and assists in the acceleration of investments in these areas, focusing on those involving multiple ICs.

    Research Portfolio Analysis

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  • Global Health in Developing Countries to Combat Non-Communicable Chronic Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Disease
    • - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Special
    Pre-Proposal Conference for Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) No. NHLBI-08-12 entitled Global Health Activities in Developing Countries to Combat Non-Communicable Chronic Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases.

    For the Audio-only version of the conference, click here.

    Global Health in Developing Countries to Combat Non-Communicable Chronic Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Disease

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  • NIH Research Festival 2008 Opening Plenary Session - Obesity: A Growing Energy Crisis
    • - Bogardus, Clifton.
      NIH Research Festival (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Special
    Obesity is rapidly increasing in prevalence in the developed and developing world, is associated with considerable morbidity involving multiple organ systems, and is a cause of health disparities in minority populations. The increasing prevalence is most alarming in children and adolescents. In the last decade there has been an exponential increase in our understanding of physiologic and molecular mechanisms regulating this energy imbalance in humans. This knowledge should lead to increasingly effective preventive and therapeutic approaches to combat this growing energy crisis.

    Program:

    Why are Some People Obese? Studies of the Pima Indians Clifton Bogardus, NIDDK

    Pediatric Obesity: Causes and Consequences Jack Yanovski, NICHD

    The Role of Brain Reward and Memorizing Circuits in Obesity Nora Volkow, NIDA

    Closing the Energy Gap: Treatment Strategies for Obesity Monica Skarulis, NIDDK

    For more information, visit
    http://researchfestival.nih.gov

    NIH Research Festival 2008 Opening Plenary Session - Obesity: A Growing Energy Crisis

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  • National Cancer Institutes Directors Consumer Liaison Group Meeting (Day 1)
    • - National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Directors Consumer Liaison Group. Meeting (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Directors Consumer Liaison Group
    The NCI Director？？？s Consumer Liaison Group (DCLG) is a Federal Advisory Committee of 16 consumer advocates who advise the NCI Director from the viewpoint of the cancer patient. During this quarterly meeting, the DCLG will discuss the Central Institutional Review Board, Cancer in the Native American Community, the DCLG Advocates in Research Working Group, the Education Network to advance Cancer Clinical Trials (ENACCT), and personalized medicine and its future for patients. Please visit http://dclg.cancer.gov/ for the agenda and information on the DCLG.

    National Cancer Institutes Directors Consumer Liaison Group Meeting (Day 1)

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  • NIH Blue Ribbon Panel Committee Meeting (Boston) - October 2008
    • - National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Blue Ribbon Panel to Advise on the Risk Assessment of the National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories at Boston University Medical Center. (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Special
    The NIH Blue Ribbon Panel was established to provide independent and scientifically based advice to the NIH Director on risk assessment studies to be performed for the Boston University Medical Center (BUMC) National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), as well as to advise on principles to enhance local community relations and communications regarding the NEIDL. In fulfillment of the latter charge, the Blue Ribbon Panel is in the process of developing a series of principles for fostering community engagement in the planning and oversight of all Regional Biocontainment Laboratories and National Biocontainment Laboratories funded by NIH, including the NEIDL. The purpose of the meeting is to seek community input on these draft principles as they are being developed.

    Ballroom at the Roxbury Center for the Arts at Hibernian Hall Boston, MA

    NIH Blue Ribbon Panel Committee Meeting (Boston) - October 2008

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  • Redox Biology - Signal Transduction
    • - Moody, Terry W.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Redox Biology
    Redox Biology (RB)

    The course is designed for NIH fellows to enhance their knowledge of redox biology. Reactive species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide are associated with cellular toxicity, however, nitric oxide is useful in the treatment cardiovascular disease. The course will examine the role of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in carcinogenesis, cancer proliferation and angiogenesis.

    For more information, visit
    http://ccr.cancer.gov/careers/courses/rb

    Redox Biology - Signal Transduction

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  • National Cancer Institutes Directors Consumer Liaison Group Meeting (Day 2)
    • - National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Directors Consumer Liaison Group. Meeting (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Directors Consumer Liaison Group
    The NCI Director？？？s Consumer Liaison Group (DCLG) is a Federal Advisory Committee of 16 consumer advocates who advise the NCI Director from the viewpoint of the cancer patient. During this quarterly meeting, the DCLG will discuss the Central Institutional Review Board, Cancer in the Native American Community, the DCLG Advocates in Research Working Group, the Education Network to advance Cancer Clinical Trials (ENACCT), and personalized medicine and its future for patients. Please visit http://dclg.cancer.gov/ for the agenda and information on the DCLG.

    National Cancer Institutes Directors Consumer Liaison Group Meeting (Day 2)

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  • Placebo Controls and Research with Children - 2008 (Session 4)
    • - Miller, Franklin G.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Bioethics
    Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research

    Department of Clinical Bioethics

    This course is designed to provide a historical context for research regulations and to help researchers and others working in human subject research gain insights and skills into the development of research protocols and their ethical implementation.

    Objectives of the Course:

    To learn the codes, declarations, and other documents that govern the ethical conduct of human subject research; review the critical elements of informed consent and their implementation in actual informed consent documents for clinical research; explore controversial issues relating to human subject research, including Phase I research, randomization, children in research, international research, etc; review the purpose if IRBs and provide IRB-like experience in reviewing research protocols; understand the experience of human subjects who have participated in research protocols.

    For more information, visit
    http://www.bioethics.nih.gov

    Placebo Controls and Research with Children - 2008 (Session 4)

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  • Sex and Gender Research in the Urinary Tract
    • - Hultgren, Scott J.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office of Research on Womens Health. (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Womens Health
    The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Research on Women？？？s Health Seminar Series will present an afternoon of discussion with national experts about sex and gender research in the urinary tract. The seminar presents an opportunity to hear from Specialized Centers of Research (SCOR) on Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Women？？？s Health investigators about their research. Griffin P. Rodgers, M.D., M.A.C.P., Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, will present the opening remarks.

    For more information, visit
    http://orwh.od.nih.gov

    Sex and Gender Research in the Urinary Tract

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  • Making Your Dollars Work for You
    • - Sponsored by Life Work Strategies (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Work/Life Center
    NIH Work Life Seminar

    Please join the NIH Work/Life Center for the first event in our new Financial Health Seminar Series. Todays financial system can pose significant challenges for individuals and families who are trying to make the most out of their dollars. This revealing seminar will give you practicl strategies and tools to help you meet your financial goals. You will learn realistic tips and strategies for budgeting and making your hard-earned dollars go further.

    Understanding what is happening in todays economy, what factors contributed to the current economic status, and how long it will last are important factors in helping you establish financial stability. Learn from the experts what steps are necessary to reduce your financial risks, how to improve your cash-flow and ways to create a successful savings plan.

    For more information, visit
    http://wlc.od.nih.gov

    Making Your Dollars Work for You

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  • Written Communications Skills (NIH Only)
    • - Marguerite Meitzler, professional writer and editor (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : NIH Only
    We all know the importance of good writing to a scientific career. This new three-hour workshop is for any NIH trainee who wants to improve his/her writing at the most basic level. The examples-based workshop will feature:

    ？？？a hands-on review of grammar, punctuation, and word usage (including, for example, subject-verb agreement, active vs. passive voice, split infinitives, agreement of pronoun and antecedent, commas, semicolons, colons, and more exotic punctuation);
    ？？？tips on writing and editing the perfect e-mail correspondence; and
    ？？？advice on organizing, writing, and editing a coherent cover letter (e.g., to accompany a resume or manuscript submission).

    Individuals planning to attend may wish to purchase the recommended course text, CliffsQuickReview Writing: Grammar, Usage, and Style, in advance from the FAES Bookstore.

    Written Communications Skills (NIH Only)

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  • NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 1)
    • - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Conferences
    Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver disease worldwide, ranking as a substantial cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In the United States, about 1.25 million people are chronically infected with the virus, resulting in 3,000 to 5,000 deaths each year. However, this condition occurs more frequently in high risk groups, including Asian Americans, emigrants from areas of the world where hepatitis B is common (China, Korea, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Africa, and Micronesia), men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and recipients of blood and blood products before screening procedures were implemented in 1986. Since routine hepatitis B vaccination of U.S. children began in 1991, new cases of acute hepatitis B among children and adolescents have dropped by more than 95%？？？and by 75% across all age groups. In non-protected individuals, transmission can result from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. A major impediment to diagnosis is that many infected individuals are either asymptomatic or experience only non-specific symptoms of disease, such as fatigue or muscle ache.

    For approximately 90% of adults, acute infection with the hepatitis B virus is resolved by the body？？？s immune system and does not cause long-term problems. The transition from acute to chronic infection appears to occur when the immune system does not effectively destroy and clear virus-infected cells. This leads to high blood levels of both hepatitis B DNA and antigens, as well as antibodies produced by the body in an attempt to combat the infection. The natural history of the disease is not well understood, however, which makes management of this complex disease challenging.

    Many factors can influence treatment decisions for an individual patient, including age, ALT (alanine aminotransferase, a liver enzyme) level, viral load, liver biopsy results, and the presence of a co-infecting virus (i.e., HIV). Treatment decisions require in-depth analysis of multiple blood tests results, which are typically repeated at regular intervals to monitor the disease course. There are currently six approved therapeutic agents: interferon-alpha (Intron A), lamivudine (Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, and Heptodin), adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), entecavir (Baraclude), pegylated interferon (Pegasys), and telbivudine (Tyzeka and Sebivo), which are often used in combination. Generally, these drugs act to decrease the risk of liver damage from hepatitis B by slowing or stopping the replication of the virus.

    Questions remain as to which groups of patients benefit from therapy and at which point in the course of their disease. Specific recommendations for hepatitis B therapy are limited by a lack of reliable long-term safety and efficacy information. This is a difficult decision for physicians and patients, as treatments are expensive and may have bothersome, if not harmful, effects on patients; left untreated, however, chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver failure and other serious liver problems. To examine these important issues, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and Office of Medical Applications of Research of the National Institutes of Health will convene a Consensus Development Conference from October 20 to 22, 2008.

    What is the current burden of hepatitis B?

    What is the natural history of hepatitis B?

    What are the benefits and risks of the current therapeutic options for hepatitis B?

    Which persons with hepatitis B should be treated?

    What measures are appropriate to monitor therapy and assess outcomes?

    What are the greatest needs and opportunities for future research on hepatitis B?

    For more information, visit
    http://consensus.nih.gov/2008/2008HepatitisBCDC120main.htm

    NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 1)

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  • Decoding calcium at a calcium cocktail party--How calmodulin listens as it regulates calcium channels
    • - Yue, David.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Neuroscience
    Intracellular Ca2+ signals comprise a lingua franca of life at the microscopic scale. For example, Ca2+ inflow through Ca2+ channels (a voltage-controlled, Ca2+-entry porthole into cells) starts a chain of events leading to initiation of the heartbeat, or even to the neuro-synaptic transmission underlying our very thoughts. Moreover, longer-term changes in [Ca2+] control gene expression in neurons. It is no wonder that Ca2+ signals are as critical and ubiquitous to biological systems, as are voltage signals to electronic circuits. Much of our work thus focuses on the transistors of Ca2+ signaling: voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Unmasking their secrets critically deepen understanding of normal biology, and promise to reveal new therapies for disease.

    What tools do we use? Ca2+ signals research provides a remarkable opportunity for the fruitful combination of mathematics, engineering, and molecular experimentation. Channel functions can be quantitatively probed with patch-clamp electrophysiology and a biological fluorescence technique called FRET. The latter approach offers a dynamic readout of molecular motions in single living cells. Molecular biology, biochemistry, and virology permit exquisite molecular manipulation of channels. Experiments and theory are wedded with mathematical modeling.

    What？？？s an example of our discovery? Calmodulin (CaM) --a central Ca2+-sensing molecule in biology-- is comprised of two ball-like ends attached by a flexible linker. We have discovered a key rationale for this mysterious bio-architectural design: each ball selectively demodulates different streams of information from a common Ca2+ signal, and then each ball appropriately affects channel function in a distinct way. Such features make CaM the biological equivalent of a stereo receiver, capable of extracting two channels of information from a common radio signal. Using viral gene transfer in adult heart cells, we found that CaM-mediated feedback on cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels is the dominant control factor in controlling the cardiac action potential duration, a vital excitability parameter whose prolongation in heart failure and long QT syndromes precipitates life-threatening arrhythmias. The latter results furnish insight into therapeutic approaches for cardiac arrhythmias in abnormal QT conditions, such as drugs modulating CaM/L-type channel interactions and gene therapy with engineered CaMs.

    For more information see our website - NIH Neuroscience Seminar Series

    Decoding calcium at a calcium cocktail party--How calmodulin listens as it regulates calcium channels

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  • TRACO: Imaging and Prostate Cancer
    • - Choyke, Peter L.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : TRACO
    For more information, visit
    http://ccr.cancer.gov/careers/traco.asp

    TRACO: Imaging and Prostate Cancer

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  • NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 2)
    • - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Conferences
    Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver disease worldwide, ranking as a substantial cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In the United States, about 1.25 million people are chronically infected with the virus, resulting in 3,000 to 5,000 deaths each year. However, this condition occurs more frequently in high risk groups, including Asian Americans, emigrants from areas of the world where hepatitis B is common (China, Korea, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Africa, and Micronesia), men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and recipients of blood and blood products before screening procedures were implemented in 1986. Since routine hepatitis B vaccination of U.S. children began in 1991, new cases of acute hepatitis B among children and adolescents have dropped by more than 95%？？？and by 75% across all age groups. In non-protected individuals, transmission can result from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. A major impediment to diagnosis is that many infected individuals are either asymptomatic or experience only non-specific symptoms of disease, such as fatigue or muscle ache.

    For approximately 90% of adults, acute infection with the hepatitis B virus is resolved by the body？？？s immune system and does not cause long-term problems. The transition from acute to chronic infection appears to occur when the immune system does not effectively destroy and clear virus-infected cells. This leads to high blood levels of both hepatitis B DNA and antigens, as well as antibodies produced by the body in an attempt to combat the infection. The natural history of the disease is not well understood, however, which makes management of this complex disease challenging.

    Many factors can influence treatment decisions for an individual patient, including age, ALT (alanine aminotransferase, a liver enzyme) level, viral load, liver biopsy results, and the presence of a co-infecting virus (i.e., HIV). Treatment decisions require in-depth analysis of multiple blood tests results, which are typically repeated at regular intervals to monitor the disease course. There are currently six approved therapeutic agents: interferon-alpha (Intron A), lamivudine (Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, and Heptodin), adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), entecavir (Baraclude), pegylated interferon (Pegasys), and telbivudine (Tyzeka and Sebivo), which are often used in combination. Generally, these drugs act to decrease the risk of liver damage from hepatitis B by slowing or stopping the replication of the virus.

    Questions remain as to which groups of patients benefit from therapy and at which point in the course of their disease. Specific recommendations for hepatitis B therapy are limited by a lack of reliable long-term safety and efficacy information. This is a difficult decision for physicians and patients, as treatments are expensive and may have bothersome, if not harmful, effects on patients; left untreated, however, chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver failure and other serious liver problems. To examine these important issues, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and Office of Medical Applications of Research of the National Institutes of Health will convene a Consensus Development Conference from October 20 to 22, 2008.

    What is the current burden of hepatitis B?

    What is the natural history of hepatitis B?

    What are the benefits and risks of the current therapeutic options for hepatitis B?

    Which persons with hepatitis B should be treated?

    What measures are appropriate to monitor therapy and assess outcomes?

    What are the greatest needs and opportunities for future research on hepatitis B?

    For more information, visit
    http://consensus.nih.gov/2008/2008HepatitisBCDC120main.htm

    NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 2)

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  • Epigenomics and Reprogramming
    • - Meissner, Alex.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Stem Cell Interest Group. (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Stem Cell
    The Stem Cell Interest Group was established to enhance communication and to foster collaboration among scientists from varying disciplines interested in stem cells. Topics of interest include fundamental stem cell biology, ontogeny, gerontology, and the therapeutic potential of stem cells. The SCIG serves as an open forum for discussion and dissemination of knowledge about all aspects of stem cell biology

    For more information, visit
    http://tango01.cit.nih.gov/sig/home.taf?_function=main&SIGInfo_SIGID=115

    Epigenomics and Reprogramming

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  • Redox Biology - Angiogenesis and CNS
    • - Roberts, David D.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Redox Biology
    Redox Biology (RB)

    The course is designed for NIH fellows to enhance their knowledge of redox biology. Reactive species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide are associated with cellular toxicity, however, nitric oxide is useful in the treatment cardiovascular disease. The course will examine the role of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in carcinogenesis, cancer proliferation and angiogenesis.

    For more information, visit
    http://ccr.cancer.gov/careers/courses/rb

    Redox Biology - Angiogenesis and CNS

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  • Glioblastoma Initiating/Stem Cells: The Biological and Therapeutic Implications of a Changing Paradigm (NIH-Only)
    • - Fine, Howard.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : NCI CCR Grand Rounds (NIH Only)
    Dr. Fine received his B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and his M.D. from Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Fine completed both his internship and his residency in internal medicine at the Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania. Three years later he completed his fellowship in medical oncology at Harvard Medical Schools Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Before joining the NIH in 2000, Dr. Fine was both director of the Neuro-Oncology Disease Center at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and of the Neuro-Oncology Program at the Harvard Cancer Center. The NCI senior investigator serves on several committees, including the Brain Tumor Program Review Group and the American Joint Committee on Cancer.
    Dr. Fine also serves on the editorial boards of several journals, including the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Neuro-Oncology, and The Oncologist. He has received several distinguished awards, including the Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Centers Clinical Investigator Award in 1999, the Emil Frei III Clinical Investigator Award in 1993, and the Brain Tumor Society Research Award in 1992. His research interests include tumor angiogenesis, therapeutic gene transfer, and neural stem cell biology.

    NCI？？？s Center for Cancer Research (CCR) Grand Rounds is a weekly lecture series addressing current research in clinical and molecular oncology. Speakers are leading national and international researchers and clinicians proposed by members of the CCR Grand Rounds Planning Committee and others within the CCR community and approved by the CCR Office of the Director. Lectures occur every Tuesday from 8:00 to 9:00 a.m. in Lipsett Amphitheater in the Clinical Center building on the NIH campus September through July with exceptions around holidays and major cancer meetings. The lecture schedule is posted on various calendars of events, including at the following link:
    http://www.bethesdatrials.cancer.gov/health-care-professionals/grand-rounds.aspx

    Glioblastoma Initiating/Stem Cells: The Biological and Therapeutic Implications of a Changing Paradigm (NIH-Only)

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  • NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 3)
    • - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Conferences
    Press release will be available at 2pm EST at
    http://consensus.nih.gov/forthemedia.html?

    Reporter can send questions to
    AhramjianL@od.nih.gov
    MarcielK@od.nih.gov

    Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver disease worldwide, ranking as a substantial cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In the United States, about 1.25 million people are chronically infected with the virus, resulting in 3,000 to 5,000 deaths each year. However, this condition occurs more frequently in high risk groups, including Asian Americans, emigrants from areas of the world where hepatitis B is common (China, Korea, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Africa, and Micronesia), men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and recipients of blood and blood products before screening procedures were implemented in 1986. Since routine hepatitis B vaccination of U.S. children began in 1991, new cases of acute hepatitis B among children and adolescents have dropped by more than 95%？？？and by 75% across all age groups. In non-protected individuals, transmission can result from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. A major impediment to diagnosis is that many infected individuals are either asymptomatic or experience only non-specific symptoms of disease, such as fatigue or muscle ache.

    For approximately 90% of adults, acute infection with the hepatitis B virus is resolved by the body？？？s immune system and does not cause long-term problems. The transition from acute to chronic infection appears to occur when the immune system does not effectively destroy and clear virus-infected cells. This leads to high blood levels of both hepatitis B DNA and antigens, as well as antibodies produced by the body in an attempt to combat the infection. The natural history of the disease is not well understood, however, which makes management of this complex disease challenging.

    Many factors can influence treatment decisions for an individual patient, including age, ALT (alanine aminotransferase, a liver enzyme) level, viral load, liver biopsy results, and the presence of a co-infecting virus (i.e., HIV). Treatment decisions require in-depth analysis of multiple blood tests results, which are typically repeated at regular intervals to monitor the disease course. There are currently six approved therapeutic agents: interferon-alpha (Intron A), lamivudine (Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, and Heptodin), adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), entecavir (Baraclude), pegylated interferon (Pegasys), and telbivudine (Tyzeka and Sebivo), which are often used in combination. Generally, these drugs act to decrease the risk of liver damage from hepatitis B by slowing or stopping the replication of the virus.

    Questions remain as to which groups of patients benefit from therapy and at which point in the course of their disease. Specific recommendations for hepatitis B therapy are limited by a lack of reliable long-term safety and efficacy information. This is a difficult decision for physicians and patients, as treatments are expensive and may have bothersome, if not harmful, effects on patients; left untreated, however, chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver failure and other serious liver problems. To examine these important issues, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and Office of Medical Applications of Research of the National Institutes of Health will convene a Consensus Development Conference from October 20 to 22, 2008.

    What is the current burden of hepatitis B?

    What is the natural history of hepatitis B?

    What are the benefits and risks of the current therapeutic options for hepatitis B?

    Which persons with hepatitis B should be treated?

    What measures are appropriate to monitor therapy and assess outcomes?

    What are the greatest needs and opportunities for future research on hepatitis B?

    For more information, visit
    http://consensus.nih.gov/2008/2008HepatitisBCDC120main.htm

    NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B (Day 3)

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  • Genetics and the Shapes of Dogs
    • - Ostrander, Elaine A.
      National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2010/11/18)
    • - Category : Wednesday Afternoon Lectures
    In last few centuries subpopulations of dogs have developed into closed populations as a result of differential selection for traits associated with both behavior and appearance. This practice, coupled with small numbers of founders for many breeds has generated a population that is ideal for mapping genes underlying morphology, behavior, and disease susceptibility. In todays lecture we will summarize advances regarding the canine genome project and current approaches for finding genes controlling both simple and complex traits. In particular, we will discuss genes controlling body size, fur texture, and leg length, and the implications of these findings for advancing our knowledge regarding disease gene mapping.

    The NIH Directors Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series includes weekly scientific talks by some of the top researchers in the biomedical sciences worldwide.

    For more information, visit http://www.genome.gov/12513335

    Genetics and the Shapes of Dogs

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